Abrasive plate.



C. MESSIUK.

ABBA

APPLICATION FILED SBPT.19,1912.

SIVE PLATE.

Patented Dec. 1, 1914.

Jun Nu u Uu uu uu a ou DoD @wi/buceo@ t CHARLES MESSICK, 0F HACKENSACK,NEW JERSEY.

Specification of Letters Patent.

ABRASIVE PLATE.

Patented Dec. 1, 1914.

Application filed September 19, 1912. Serial No. 721,156.

To all whom fit may concern Be it known that I, CiLxiiLiis Messick, acitizen of the United States, residing in Hackensack, county of Bergen,and State of New Jersey, have invented a new and useful Improvements inAbrasive Plates.

rllhe object of my invention is to make a safety plate possessed ofefficient non-slipping qualities, and to devise a method for combiningthe various elements, whereby this safety plate will possess long lifeand at the same time have a minimum first cost.

Various methods of combining abrasive grits held in lead binders andsecured to sheet iron base plates have been experimented with and placedupon the market. Abrasive grits have been cast on the surface of a castiron member to render the surface of the cast iron member non-slipping,and various other mechanical devices, cements, etc., have been used tohold the abrasive grit up to its work. There is an inherent quality inabrasive grit, whether it be carborundum, aliindum, emery, or othergrit, which makes it eminently suitable to prevent slipping, but all ofthe plates at present on thel market containing grit, are expensive andsome also have other defects.

Among the important characteristics of floor plates are that they bemade with a wearing surface which is of even texture throughout, so thatthe non-slipping quality will remain constant during the life of theplate; that they be unaffected by temperature or water; that they lieflat and do not warp or spring as often occurs with cast iron.

Wrought iron or steel plates, sheets and other structural shapes areused in many places for sustaining foot wear because they are strong andcheap biitxthey become extremely slippery, particularly when damp oroily. Ni-ought iron is also largely used for many purposes in which theabrasion and wear destroy the iron, and it is desirable to provide asuperior' refractory and wear resisting material.

Broadly speaking, my invention is an article of manufacture composed ofa wrought iron member carrying abrasive grit held upon a surface thereofsimply by adhesion between the wrought iron metal and the grit. Thedistribution of the abrasive grit is such that portions of the finishedarticle are free of grit, and therefore such portions may be readilydrilled. sheared, punched, or otherwise treated, without detriment diieto the abrasive grit. I make provision for so distributing the abrasivematerial relatively to the iron that the finished product is ofsubstantially uniform qualitv wherever the. grit is located. i

lhe word torge is used in this specification and in the following claimsin the sense of a manipulation of a heated metal, whether it be theoperation ol rolling, pressing, hammering or otherwise iiitroduciingrhard particles into the heat softened metal, and the word particles isused to convey the ideas ot' grains of material of an appreciable size,not liiiely divided matter in the form of a powder', because powderedmaterial is unsuitable for the purposes of this invention.

Referring to the accompanying drawings z-Figure 1. is an elevation ofthe jaws of a forgeipress in which the abrasive plate may be made. Fig.L. is a plan view of the raw materials' assembled and ready to beintroduced into the forge press also showing terminal contacts throughwhich the electrical heating current may be introduced to heat theplate. Fig. 3, is a plan view of the iinislied abrasive plate. Fig. t,is a cross section of Fig` 3 showing the abrasive particles embedded inthe plate.

The central portion of the plate, l, is coated with shellac or othersuitable temporary binder, excepting at predetermined portions, 2, whichare to be subsequently drilled or punched. The shellacked portion isthen sprinkled with the abrasive particles, 3. The particles, 3, adhereto the shellacked portion and after the shellac dries the contact clamps4 and 5 are attached to the end of the plate, 1, and the plate, l,placed on the lower jaw, 6, of the forge press as indicated in Fig. l,with the abrasive hard particles, 3, resting on the lower jaw, 6. Theplate is now ready for the forging operation which consists of passingthe electric current through thc plate, l, from wires 7 and 8, andthereby heating it until it becomes soft; the particles, 3, act as aninsulator for both4 h uit and the electric current to prevent thecontact of the plate with the lower jaw, 6, of the forge press. Theelectric current is turned oil' after theplate is heated very hot, andthe upper jaw, 9, of the forge press is brought down and forges andcauses the abrasive rit to adhere directly to the plate, 1. i fter theforging operation the plate is removed from the press and allowed tocool and subsequently the contact clamps 4 and 5 and the ends of theplate are removed, producing the nished plate as shown in Figs. 3 and4:, which is ready to be drilled in the blank spaces 2.

It is essential that the plate to be treated shall be heated very hot,as otherwise the application of the pressure would crush the abrasivegrit to the form of a powder, and powdered grit would not be suitablefor a tread surface. Again, a highx degree of heat appears to increasethe adhesion between the abrasive rit and the adjacent surface of iron.It is necessary that the heat applied to the iron plate be sufficientlyhigh to render the plate plastic, in order to achieve the best results.

When theairon plate and the abrasive grit are brought together andtreated as above described, the abrasive grit adheres with remarkabletenacity to the adjacent iron surface. Particles of grit are partiallyembedded within the iron, and in many instances particles of the gritare pocketed by the gripping of the iron around them. Aside from thisfact, however, the gritty surface seems to cling to the iron plate bydirect adhesion in such manner that the gritty surface can not be easilybroken from the iron, and the gritty particles will endure considerablestrain before being dislodged or separated from the iron plate.'

The operation of introducing the abrasive particles into the heatedplate frequently does more than inerely embed the particles in same, forit frequently tends to pocket the particles, often closing the metal t0gether over the particles.

' I claim,

l. A new article of manufacture consisting of a wrought metal membercontaining hard particles embedded therein.

2. A new article of manufacture which consists of a wrought metal membercontaining hard particles embedded therein.

3. A new article of manufacture which consists of a wrought metal membercontaining a plurality of hard particles embedded in the metal at thesurface of said wrought metal member.

4x A new article of manufacture consisting of a tread plate of wroughtmetal with a wearing surface containing hard particles embedded in saidwearing surface.

5. A new article of manufacture which consists of a wrought metal platecontainf ing abrasive particles .in the surface thereof, whereby thesaid plate may be' rendered nonslippery. l

6. A new article of manufacture whichl consists of a wrought iron member`containing a plurality of hard particles embedded in the iron at thesurface of said wrought iron member.

7. A new article of manufacture consisting of a tread plate of wroughtiron with a wearing surface ,containing hard particles embedded in saidwearing surface.

8. A nonslip material which consists of abrasive particles embedded intoa wrought metal member.

9. As an article of manufacture, a wrought iron plate provided with anabrasive material harder thansaid plate, and adhering directly thereto.

10. An article of manufacture consisting of a body member of wroughtiron provided with a layer of abrasive grit adhering directly thereto.

CHARLES MES-SICK.

Witnesses RAPHAL NETTER, C. D. MORRILL, v

